What mechanism allows asbestos fibers to cause cancer in the human body?

Asbestos fibers can cause cancer through their ability to induce cellular damage and mutations. When inhaled or ingested, these fibers can become lodged in tissues, particularly in the lungs and pleura. This physical irritation leads to chronic inflammation, which plays a crucial role in cellular damage. As the body attempts to repair this damage, the genetic material within the cells can be altered or mutated. Over time, these mutations can accumulate, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer development, particularly in conditions such as asbestosis or mesothelioma.

The other options do not accurately reflect the harmful effects of asbestos. While the fibers do not enhance cellular structure or immune response, neither do they promote healthy cellular regeneration. Instead, they disrupt normal cellular processes, making the second choice the most appropriate explanation for their carcinogenic potential.